English tenses are verb forms that indicate the timing of an action or event. They help express whether something happens in the past, present, or future and can convey nuances such as ongoing, completed, or habitual actions. Mastering tenses is essential for clear and accurate communication in English.
What are the different tenses in English? What are they used for? How do you conjugate them? When should you use them?
This guide will answer these questions about English tenses and conjugation.
Present Simple Tense
When do we use the Present Simple in English?
The present simple tense is one of the most commonly used tenses in English. It is used to describe:
Use | Explanation | Example |
Habitual Actions | Actions that happen regularly or habits. | She drinks coffee every morning. |
General Truths | Statements that are always true or generally accepted facts. | The sun rises in the east. |
Expressing Tastes | Personal preferences, likes, and dislikes. | She likes chocolate ice cream. |
Scheduled Events | Future events that are scheduled or timetabled. | The train leaves at 6 PM. |
Routine Activities | Regularly occurring actions or habits. | He goes to the gym every morning. |
Permanent Situations | Situations or conditions that are long-lasting or permanent. | He lives in New York. |
Instructions and Directions | Giving instructions or directions. | First, you mix the flour and sugar. |
Narrative Style | Describing events in a story or a commentary. | He enters the room and sits down. |
Present Simple Tense Markers
Present Simple Tense markers in a sentence typically include the third-person singular suffix -s (for example, he runs), as well as time expressions that denote habitual actions, general truths, or scheduled events (for example, every day, usually, on Mondays).
To buttress, the present simple is used with adverbs that refer to routines or habits, such as:
- every day
- every month
- always
- never
- generally
- usually
How is the Present Tense formed in English?
Affirmative Form
The structure is: subject + base verb + complement.
This indicates a positive statement or declares something to be true. The base verb of the affirmative form is the infinitive form of the verb without the particle to.
For the third person singular (he, she, it), add -s or -es to the verb base when the verb ends in -o, -s. -x, -ch.
Examples:
- to go → he goes
- to miss → she misses
- to fix → he fixes
- to search → she searches
When the verb ends in -y, change the -y to -ies for the third person singular.
- to cry → she cries
- to deny → he denies
Examples in sentences:
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
I walk to work every day. | aɪ wɔk tu wɜrk ˈɛvəri deɪ | |
She always works hard. | ʃiː ˈɔːlweɪz wɜːks hɑːd | |
He usually watches TV at night. | hi ˈʤɛnərəli ˈwɑʧəz ˈtiˈvi æt naɪt |
Negative Form
The structure is: subject + do / does + not + verb base + complement.
The contraction for do not is don’t, and for does not is doesn’t.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
I don’t walk to work every day. | aɪ doʊnt wɔk tu wɜrk ˈɛvəri deɪ | |
She doesn’t like chocolate. | ʃi ˈdʌzənt laɪkˈʧɔklət | |
He doesn’t generally watch TV at night. | hi ˈdʌzənt ˈʤɛnərəli wɑʧ ˈtiˈvi æt naɪt |
Interrogative Form
To form a question in the simple present, invert the subject and the auxiliary verb do / does: do / does + subject + verb base + complement.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
Do you walk to work every day? | du ju wɔk tu wɜrk ˈɛvəri deɪ | |
Does she like chocolate? | dʌz ʃi laɪk ˈʧɔklət | |
Doesn’t he generally watch TV at night? | ˈdʌzənt hi ˈʤɛnərəli wɑʧ ˈtiˈvi æt naɪt |
Past Simple Tense
(Also called Preterit or Simple Past)
When Do We Use the Past Simple?
The past simple is used for actions or events that are finished and not connected to the present. It’s commonly used to tell stories or relate past events.
Past Simple Tense Markers
- last year
- one month ago
- a long time ago
- once upon a time
How is the Past Simple Tense Formed?
Affirmative Form
The affirmative form of the past simple is: subject + base verb + -ed + complement.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
I walked to work every day. | aɪ wɔkt tu wɜrk ˈɛvəri deɪ | |
She worked hard. | ʃi wɜrkt hɑrd | |
He generally watched TV at night. | hi ˈʤɛnərəli wɑʧt ˈtiˈvi æt naɪt |
Note: Many common verbs are irregular in English, meaning they don’t follow the -ed rule.
For example:
Present form | Irregular past form | Example |
---|---|---|
take | took | I took the book from the shelf and started reading. |
go | went | She went to the market to buy some fresh vegetables. |
see | saw | We saw a beautiful rainbow after the rainstorm. |
write | wrote | He wrote a heartfelt letter to his friend. |
speak | spoke | She spoke at the conference about climate change. |
stand | stood | They stood in line for hours to buy tickets. |
Negative Form
The negative form of the past simple is: subject + did + not + base verb + complement.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
I didn’t take the bus yesterday. | aɪ ˈdɪdənt teɪk ðə bʌs ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ | |
She didn’t like the movie. | ʃi ˈdɪdənt laɪk ðə ˈmuvi | |
He didn’t watch TV last night. | hi ˈdɪdənt wɑʧ ˈtiˈvi læst naɪt |
Interrogative Form
The interrogative form of the past simple is: did + subject + base verb + complement.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
Did you walk to work every day? | dɪd ju wɔk tu wɜ:k ˈɛvəri deɪ | |
Did she like chocolate? | dɪd ʃi laɪk ˈʧɔklət | |
Didn’t he watch TV last night? | ˈdɪdənt hi wɑʧ ˈtiˈvi læst naɪt |
Future Simple Tense
When do we use the simple future?
The simple future tense is used to describe something that will happen in the future.
How is the simple future formed?
Affirmative Form
The structure is: subject + will + verb base + complement.
Will can be contracted to ‘ll. For example: I will see you tomorrow. → I’ll see you tomorrow.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
I will walk to work every day. | aɪ wɪl wɔk tu wɜrk ˈɛvəri deɪ | |
She will love chocolate. | ʃi wɪl lʌv ˈʧɔklət | |
He will watch TV at night. | hi wɪl wɑʧ ˈtiˈvi æt naɪt |
Negative Form
The structure is: will + not + subject + verb base + complement.
Will not can be contracted to won’t. For example: I will not see you tomorrow. → I won’t see you tomorrow.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
I won’t walk to work every day. | aɪ woʊnt wɔk tu wɜrk ˈɛvəri deɪ | |
She won’t like your present. | ʃi woʊnt laɪk jʊər ˈprɛzənt | |
He won’t watch TV tonight. | hi woʊnt wɑʧ ˈtiˈvi təˈnaɪt |
Interrogative Form
The structure is: will + subject + verb base + complement.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
---|---|---|
Will you walk to work tomorrow? | wɪl ju wɔk tu wɜ:k təˈmɑˌroʊ | |
Will she try? | wɪl ʃi traɪ | |
Won’t he do it by himself? | woʊnt hi du ɪt baɪ hɪmˈsɛlf |
Continuous Tenses
When do we use a continuous tense in English?
Continuous tenses are used to describe actions that are in progress at the time of the statement.
How is a continuous tense formed in English?
To form continuous tenses, use the auxiliary be (in the correct tense and form) followed by the verb base + -ing.
The auxiliary verb be is essential in English grammar, acting as a helping verb to form various tenses, voices, and moods.
Auxiliary Be Conjugation Table
Present Continuous
When do we use the present continuous?
The present continuous is used to describe actions happening right now.
How is the present continuous formed?
Form | Structure | Example | Audio |
Affirmative form | subject + auxiliary be (in the present) + verb base + -ing + complement. | I am walking. | |
Negative form | subject + auxiliary be (in the present) + not + verb base + -ing + complement. | I am not walking. | |
Interrogative form | auxiliary be (in the present) + subject + verb base + -ing + complement. | Am I walking? |
Past Continuous Tense
When do we use the past continuous?
The past continuous is used to describe actions that were happening at a specific time in the past.
How is the past continuous tense formed?
Form | Structure | Example | Audio |
Affirmative form | subject + auxiliary be (in the past) + verb base + -ing + complement. | She was studying. | |
Negative form | subject + auxiliary be (in the past) + not + verb base + -ing + complement. | She wasn’t studying. | |
Interrogative form | auxiliary be (in the past) + subject + verb base + -ing + complement. | Wasn’t she studying? |
Future Continuous
When do we use the future continuous?
The future continuous is used to describe actions that will be happening at a specific time in the future.
How is the future continuous formed?
Form | Structure | Example | Audio |
Affirmative | subject + will + be + verb base + -ing + complement. | We will be working. | |
Negative | subject + will + not + be + verb base + -ing + complement. | We won’t be working. | |
Interrogative | will + subject + be + verb base + -ing + complement. | Won’t we be working? |
Important notes about the present participle
The present participle is the -ing form of a verb.
When the verb base ends with a vowel-consonant pair, double the consonant before adding -ing:
- run → running
- swim → swimming
- sit → sitting
- hit → hitting
- plan → planning
- shop → shopping
- begin → beginning
- get → getting
- hop → hopping
- win → winning
State verbs (express a state or condition rather than an action) and perception verbs (describe the use of senses) generally do not take the continuous form. Examples include:
- Be: She is a teacher. (Not:
She is being a teacher.) - Know: I know the answer. (Not:
I am knowing the answer.) - Need: They need help. (Not:
They are needing help.) - Become: He becomes anxious in crowds. (Not:
He is becoming anxious in crowds.) - Feel: The fabric feels soft. (Not:
The fabric is feeling soft.) - Seem: It seems impossible. (Not:
It is seeming impossible.) - See: I see the mountains. (Not:
I am seeing the mountains.) - Hear: I hear music. (Not:
I am hearing music.) - Taste: The soup tastes delicious. (Not:
The soup is tasting delicious.) - Love: I love my family. (Not:
I am loving my family.)
However, if referring to a feeling or sensation at the moment, the continuous form is possible.
Note the difference
Tense Used | Example | Phonetic | Audio |
Simple present | I feel good. | aɪ fiːl gʊd | |
Present continuous | I am feeling good. | aɪ æm ˈfiːlɪŋ gʊd |
Summary of Forms and Usage
Tense/Form | Form of “Be” | Example |
Present Simple | am / is / are | I am happy. |
Past Simple | was / were | They were excited. |
Present Continuous | am / is / are + verb + -ing | We are learning. |
Past Continuous | was / were + verb + -ing | She was dancing. |
Future Continuous | will be + verb + -ing | He will be arriving soon. |
Present Passive | am / is / are + past participle | The letter is written. |
Past Passive | was / were + past participle | The food was eaten. |
Future Passive | will be + past participle | The work will be done. |
The Perfect Tenses
The perfect tenses connect a past action to the present moment.
Have is the auxiliary verb used for the perfect tenses.
NOTE: The auxiliary verb have is used with most pronouns (I, we, you, they) except for third-person singular pronouns (he, she, it), which use has. In the past perfect tense, had is used universally with all pronouns.
Auxiliary Have Conjugation Table
How to Form the Perfect Simple Tenses
Use the auxiliary have (in the correct tense) + past participle of the verb.
How to Form the Perfect Continuous Tenses
Use have (in the correct tense) + been + verb base + -ing.
Present Perfect Simple
When do we use the present perfect simple?
The present perfect simple refers to an action that started in the past with present consequences.
- Perfect Simple: Describes a completed action with present consequences.
- Perfect Continuous: Describes an action that started in the past and is still ongoing.
Examples:
- I have worked hard, I am exhausted.
- She has lived in her house since 2000.
In the first sentence, the effect is happening now and is almost finished. In the second sentence, the action started in the past and is still ongoing.
How is the present perfect simple formed?
- Affirmative: subject + auxiliary have / has + past participle + complement.
- Negative: subject + auxiliary have / has + not + past participle + complement.
- Interrogative: auxiliary have / has + subject + past participle + complement.
Form | Examples | Phonetic | Audio |
Affirmative | I have walked. | aɪ hæv wɔkt | |
Affirmative | I have danced all day. | aɪ hæv dænst ɔl deɪ | |
Negative | I haven’t walked. | aɪ ˈhævənt | |
Interrogative | Have you walked? | hæv aɪ wɔkt |
Present Perfect Continuous
When do we use the present perfect continuous?
The present perfect continuous refers to an action that started in the past and is still ongoing in the present.
Examples:
- You have been watching TV since this morning.
- She has been living in Paris for 10 years.
How is the present perfect continuous formed?
- Affirmative: subject + auxiliary have (in the present) + been + verb in -ing + complement.
- Negative: subject + auxiliary have (in the present) + not + been + verb in -ing + complement.
- Interrogative: auxiliary have (in the present) + subject + been + verb in -ing + complement.
Form | Example | Phonetics | Audio |
Affirmative | I have been walking. | aɪ hæv biːn ˈwɔkɪŋ | |
Affirmative | I have been dancing all day long. | aɪ hæv biːn ˈdænsɪŋ ɔl deɪ lɔŋ | |
Negative | I haven’t been walking. | aɪ ˈhævənt biːn ˈwɔkɪŋ | |
Interrogative | Have I been walking? | haev aɪ biːn ˈwɔkɪŋ |
Past Perfect Simple
When do we use the past perfect simple?
The past perfect simple is used to show that one action in the past happened before another action in the past.
Example: I had swept the kitchen when I broke a glass.
How is the past perfect simple formed?
Form | Structure | Example | Audio |
Affirmative | subject + had + past participle + complement. | She had studied. | |
Negative | subject + hadn’t + past participle + complement. | She hadn’t studied. | |
Interrogative | Had + subject + past participle + complement? | Had she studied? |
Past Perfect Continuous
When do we use the past perfect continuous?
The past perfect continuous is used to talk about an action that was ongoing in the past, up to another point in the past.
Example: We had been sleeping deeply when the phone rang
How is the past perfect continuous formed?
- Affirmative form: subject + had been + verb in -ing + complement.
- Negative form: subject + hadn’t been + verb in -ing + complement.
- Interrogative form: Had + subject + been + verb in -ing + complement?
Form | Example | Phonetics | Audio |
Affirmative | She had been studying. | ʃi hæd biːn ˈstʌdiɪŋ | |
Negative | She hadn’t been painting her nails lately. | ʃi ˈhædənt biːn ˈpeɪntɪŋ hɜr neɪlz ˈleɪtli | |
Interrogative | Had she been studying? | hæd ʃi biːn ˈstʌdiɪŋ |
Future perfect simple
When do we use the future perfect simple?
The future perfect simple is used to express that an action will be completed before another action in the future.
Example: We will have slept for hours when the sun sets.
How is the future perfect simple formed?
- Affirmative form: subject + will + have + past participle + complement.
- Negative form: subject + will not / won’t + have + past participle + complement.
- Interrogative form: Will + subject + have + past participle + complement?
Form | Example | Phonetics | Audio |
Affirmative | We will have worked. | wi wɪl haev wɜ:kt | |
Negative | We won’t have worked. | wi woʊnt hav wɜ:kt | |
Interrogative | Will we have worked? | wiː wɪl hæv wɜːkt | |
Interrogative | Will he have waited outside? | wɪl hi hæv ˈweɪtəd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd |
Future Perfect Continuous
When do we use the future perfect continuous?
The future perfect continuous is used to show that an action will be ongoing up to another point in the future.
Example: We will have been watching TV all day when our parents come back.
How is the future perfect continuous formed?
- Affirmative form: subject + will + have been + verb in -ing + complement.
- Negative form: subject + will not / won’t + have been + verb in -ing + complement.
- Interrogative form: Will + subject + have been + verb in -ing + complement?
Form | Example | Phonetics | Audio |
Affirmative | We will have been working. | wi wɪl hæv biːn ˈwɜ:kɪŋ | |
Negative | We won’t have been working. | wi woʊnt hæv biːn ˈwɜ:kɪŋ | |
Interrogative | Will we have been working? | wɪl wi hæv biːn ˈwɜ:kɪŋ | |
Interrogative | Will he have been waiting for a long time? | wɪl hi hæv biːn ˈweɪtɪŋ fɔr ə lɔŋ taɪm |
The Conditional
There are four types of conditional sentences in English, each depending on how likely it is that the action will happen.
Type of conditional | Use | Construction |
Zero conditional | If A happens, then B happens | if + present simple / present simple |
First conditional | If A happens, then B will happen | if + present simple / will |
Second conditional | If A happened, then B would happen | if + past simple / would + verb base |
Third conditional | If A had happened, then B would have happened | if + past perfect / would have + past participle |
Type of conditional | Example | Phonetic |
Zero conditional | If you swim in the sea, you get wet. | ɪf juː swɪm ɪn ðə siː juː gɛt wɛt |
First conditional | If you swim in the sea, you will get wet. | ɪf juː swɪm ɪn ðə siː juː wɪl gɛt wɛt |
Second conditional | If you swam in the sea, you would get wet. | ɪf juː swæm ɪn ðə siː juː wʊd gɛt wɛt |
Third conditional | If you had swum in the sea, you would have gotten wet. | ɪf juː hæd swʌm ɪn ðə siː juː wʊd hæv gɒt wɛt |
The Imperative
When do we use the imperative in English?
The imperative is used to give orders, instructions, or make suggestions.
How is the imperative formed in English?
There is no grammatical subject in the imperative; it is implied by the verb form.
Forms of the Imperative: The imperative has 2 forms in English
- Giving Orders or Instructions: Use the verb base. In the negative form, add don’t before the verb base.
- Making Suggestions: We use let us, contracted into let’s followed by the verb base.
For example: Let us go! = Let’s go! In the negative form, add not after let’s: Let’s not go!
Affirmative | Negative |
Giving Orders or Instructions | |
Do your homework! | Don’t listen to him! |
Go home! | Don’t waste your time! |
Making Suggestions | |
Let’s eat before the food gets cold! | Let’s not go out tonight. |
Let’s watch TV! | Let’s not eat junk again. |
Adding “Shall we?” to Suggestions
Often, Shall we? is added as a question tag after a suggestion.
Examples:
- Let’s open the window, shall we?
- Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?
The Difference Between Tenses and Aspects
Tenses
In English, there are only two grammatical tenses (where the verb changes form according to the subject): the present and the past.
The future is expressed using the modal verb “will” (which does not change form) or by using the present tense.
Aspects
In English, there are four aspects to define the present and the past, each expressing a specific characteristic of the action. They are:
- Simple Tenses: Describe factual actions, general truths, preferences, or descriptions (present simple, past simple, future simple).
- Continuous Tenses: Express actions in progress at the time of utterance (present continuous, past continuous, future continuous).
- Perfect Simple Tenses: Create a connection between the time of utterance and a previous moment (present perfect simple, past perfect simple, future perfect simple).
- Perfect Continuous Tenses: Express the idea that an action begun previously is still in progress at the time of utterance (present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, future perfect continuous).
Key Points to Remember
- Choosing the Right Tense: Selecting the appropriate tense in English involves considering the type of action you want to express and how that action is situated in time to other actions (chronology).
- Context is Essential: The context in which a sentence is used is crucial in determining the correct verb form.
Multiple Possibilities: In an isolated statement, several verb forms can be correct. Different tenses might work depending on the intended meaning and context.
Understanding Verbs, Auxiliaries, and Modals in English
Verbs
A verb refers to an action and can be conjugated with different subjects (I, you, we, etc.) and different tenses (present, past, etc.).
In English, we speak of a full infinitive when there is to in front of the verb = to walk, to write, to sing. Without to, it is called a bare infinitive or verb base = walk, write, sing.
Verb Forms
Form | Construction | Example |
Full infinitive | to + verb base | to paint |
Bare infinitive | verb base | paint |
Present participle (continuous form / gerund) | verb base + -ing | painting |
Past simple | verb base + -ed | painted |
Past participle | verb base + -ed | painted |
Note that for regular verbs, the past simple and the past participle forms are the same. For irregular verbs, there is no specific rule for the endings of the past simple and the past participle.
The Auxiliaries
An auxiliary verb combined with a verb form is used to create different tenses.
Auxiliary Verbs in English
- Be is the auxiliary for continuous tenses.
- Have is the auxiliary for perfect tenses.
- Do (and does) is the auxiliary for interrogative and negative sentences of all verbs (except to be) in the present simple.
- Did is the past of do and is the auxiliary verb for interrogative and negative sentences of all verbs (except to be) in the past simple.
Modal verbs
Also called modal auxiliaries, they add specific meanings to verbs. They are invariable and always followed by the verb base (bare infinitive).
Common modals and their meanings:
- Can: Ability in the present.
- Could: Ability in the past.
- Should: Suggestion.
- May/Might: Probability.
- Must: Obligation.
- Will: Future.
Examples:
- I can swim.
- She should sleep.
- We must leave.
To Be and To Have as Verbs
The Verb To Be
The verb to be is a state verb used to describe the state or condition of the subject.
Examples | Phonetic | Audio |
I am tired. | aɪ æm ˈtaɪərd | |
She is a doctor. | ʃi ɪz ə ˈdɑktər |
Note: The verb to be is the only verb that does not use the auxiliaries do, does, or did to form negative or interrogative sentences in the present and past tenses.
Conjugation
Tense | Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
Simple Present | I am | I am not | Am I? |
Past Simple | I was | I was not | Was I? |
Usually, we don’t use to be in the continuous form because we “are” something, not “being” something. However, to be being can be used to describe someone’s attitude or behavior.
Example | Phonetics | Audio |
You’re being annoying. | jʊr ˈbiɪŋ əˈnɔɪɪŋ | |
He’s being very rude. | hiz ˈbiɪŋ ˈvɛri rud |
The Verb To Have
The verb to have is used to express possession. It is an irregular verb: have / had / had.
Expressing Possession in English
There are two common ways to express possession in the present tense:
1. American English
In American English, possession is expressed using to have in the present simple:
- Affirmative: She has a car.
- Interrogative: Does she have a car?
- Negative: She doesn’t have a car.
This formulation tends to become standardized.
2. British English
In British English, possession can also be expressed using to get in the present perfect:
- Affirmative: She has got a car.
- Interrogative: Has she got a car?
- Negative: She hasn’t got a car.
This British formulation is also becoming more common globally.
Understanding Tense Agreement in English
Choosing the right tense in English can be challenging, but context is essential in determining the best tense to use.
Determining the correct tense involves considering the type of action/events, its timing, and the intention of the speaker.
Comparison of Tenses
Here’s a comparison of different tenses to help clarify their usage:
Present Simple vs. Present Continuous
Tense | Example | Use | Audio |
Simple Present | I play football. | This is factual information about a habit. | |
Present Continuous | I am playing football. | This action is in progress right now. |
Past Simple vs. Past Perfect Simple
Tense | Example | Use | Audio |
Past Simple | It rained yesterday. | Factual information about a past event. | |
Past Perfect Simple | It had rained before you arrived. | Indicates an action before another past action. |
Past Simple vs. Present Perfect Simple
Tense | Example | Use | Audio |
Past Simple | I never visited Paris when I was a child. | No connection with the present. | |
Present Perfect Simple | I have never visited Paris. | Connects the past action to the present. |
Present Continuous vs. Present Perfect Continuous
Tense | Example | Use | Audio |
Present Continuous | I am doing my homework. | This action is in progress right now. | |
Present Perfect Continuous | I have been doing my homework since this morning. | The action started in the past and is still ongoing. |
Past Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous vs. Past Simple
Tense | Example | Use | Audio |
Past Continuous | I was watching TV when you arrived. | Indicates an ongoing action in the past interrupted by another action. | |
Past Perfect Continuous | I had been watching TV for an hour when you arrived. | An action that began before another action in the past and was still ongoing. |
Future Simple, Future Perfect Simple, and Future Perfect Continuous
Tense | Example | Use | Audio |
Future Simple | I will buy new shoes. | Expresses a simple future action. | |
Future Perfect Simple | I will have bought new shoes before the party. | An action that will be completed before a specific future time. | |
Future Perfect Continuous | I will have been working the whole day when I get home. | An ongoing action that will continue up to a point in the future. |
Important Note
When expressing future actions, use the present tense after time expressions (prepositions) like before, after, when, as soon as, and by the time.
Examples:
- She will come back as soon as you leave.
- I will be finished by the time you arrive.
- I will have been training the whole day when I meet you tonight.
Key Points to Remember
- Choosing the right tense means considering the type of action and its relation to other actions.
- Context is essential for determining the correct verb form.
- Multiple verb forms can function in isolated statements.
In Summary
Tense | Example |
Present Simple | I walk |
Present Continuous | I am walking |
Present Perfect Simple | I have walked |
Present Perfect Continuous | I have been walking |
Past Simple | I walked |
Past Continuous | I was walking |
Past Perfect Simple | I had walked |
Past Perfect Continuous | I had been walking |
Future Simple | I will walk |
Future Perfect Simple | I will have walked |
Future Perfect Continuous | I will have been walking |
Conclusion
Understanding the system of conjugating tenses in English can seem complex at first, but it follows a certain logic. Each tense serves a specific purpose based on whether the action is ongoing, completed, or related to a specific point in time.
To start mastering this system, get into the habit of asking yourself questions about each verb in your sentence:
- Is the action in progress or completed?
- Is it isolated in the past or connected to the present?
- What is the timeline of events?
By doing this, you will gradually master the English tense system!
If you want to practice, find the exercise sheet on tenses in English.
Stay motivated! Practice makes perfect.